Causal and Stable Input/Output Structures on Multidimensional Behaviors
نویسندگان
چکیده
In this work we study multidimensional (nD) linear differential behaviours with a distinguished independent variable, called ”time”. We define in a natural way causality and stability of input/output structures with respect to this distinguished direction. We make an extension of some results in the theory of partial differential equations, demonstrating that causality is equivalent to a property of the transfer matrix. We also quote results which in effect characterize timeautonomy for the general systems case. Stability is likewise characterized by a property of the transfer matrix.
منابع مشابه
The Effect of Input-based and Output-based Focus on Form Instruction on Learning Grammar by Iranian EFL Learners
This quasi-experimental study investigated the effects of input-enhancement and production of sentences, containing the target structures, on learning grammar by Iranian Intermediate EFL learners. Sixty male students in three input, output, and control groups participated in the study. After checking the homogeneity of the participants with a proficiency test, the researchers administered a pre...
متن کاملRegular Almost Interconnection of Multidimensional Behaviors * Their Multidimensional Counterparts Have Been Treated
Reading the doctoral thesis of Napp Avelli (2007) I realized that Gabriel’s localization theory, which I applied in context with the stabilization of multidimensional input/output behaviors, can also be used for the construction of regular almost interconnections of behaviors in arbitrary dimensions and not only in two dimensions. In this paper I expose this theory in the language of quotient m...
متن کاملEffect of Input vs. Collaborative Output Tasks on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners’ Grammatical Accuracy and Willingness to Communicate
This study explored the effect of input vs. collaborative output tasks on Iranian EFL learners’ grammatical accuracy and their willingness to communicate (WTC). In so doing, the study utilized 3 input (i.e., textual enhancement, processing instruction, and discourse) and 3 collaborative output (i.e., dictogloss, reconstruction cloze task, and jigsaw) tasks and compared their effects on 5 Englis...
متن کاملMixed Effects of Input Enhancement, Explicit Instruction, Corrective Feedback, and Pushed Output in an Input-Output Mapping Practice
This investigation examined the mixed effects of visual input enhancement, explicit instruction, pushed output, and corrective feedback on noticing and intake of English conjunctive adverbs. Participants included 83 intermediate EFL students enrolled in a grammar and writing course. They were assigned to a control group (n = 22), explicit instruction + pushed output + explicit corrective feedba...
متن کاملA Comparative Study of Effects of Input-Based, Meaning-Based Output, and Traditional Instructions on EFL Learners’ Grammar Learning
This quasi-experimental study examined the effects of input-based, meaning-based output (MO) and traditional instruction (TI) on EFL learners’ grammar learning. To this end, 120 junior high school students were selected from 4 intact classes. Each class was assigned to an instructional condition, that is, textual enhancement (TE), input flood (IF), MO, and TI. Before the treatment, a multiple-c...
متن کامل